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本文依据20世纪晚期美国国会通过的《残疾人教育法案》,结合美国特殊教育实践,尤其是特殊教育实践中发生的具体的法律争议和相关措施,评介美国社会追求残疾学生教育公平的实践过程,这一过程包含残疾学生鉴定、残疾学生教育、残疾学生服务和残疾学生治疗。美国残疾人教育公平的理念与实践,有助于启发我们进一步关注残疾人教育,对促进我国特殊教育事业的进步,具有借鉴意义。
Based on the “Education for Disabled” Act adopted by the U.S. Congress in the late 20th century, this paper reviews the practical process of American society pursuing education fairness for disabled students, combining the specific legal disputes and related measures in the practice of special education in the United States, especially in special education practice. This process includes identification of students with disabilities, education of students with disabilities, services for students with disabilities, and treatment of students with disabilities. The concept and practice of fair education for the disabled in the United States help us to further our attention to the education of disabled people and have reference value for promoting the progress of our special education.