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为研究风疹病毒（ＲＶ）ＪＲ２３株感染中枢神经系统（ＣＮＳ）的特性及病理学特征，ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ 小鼠经腹腔感染ＲＶ ＪＲ２３株，并于感染后的第２１ｄ 取小鼠大脑及小脑组织，ＨＥ及免疫组织化学染色，观察小鼠脑组织ＲＶ 感染状况及病变特征。结果显示，受感染的小鼠无明显的ＣＮＳ症状，病理学特征以大脑灰质小灶性神经元变性坏死为主，病变神经元周围见增生的少突胶质细胞形成卫星现象。在神经元坏死灶中可见小胶质细胞增生，形成噬神经元现象及由小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞构成的胶质细胞结节。神经元及神经胶质细胞内未见病毒包涵体。免疫组织化学染色显示，ＲＶ 主要分布于大脑灰质，神经元细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞均可受到ＪＲ２３株的感染。提示卫星现象、噬神经元现象和胶质细胞结节形成可作为ＲＶ－ＪＲ２３感染ＣＮＳ的病理学参考指标。免疫组织化学染色对确诊ＣＮＳＲＶ 的感染具有特异性
To investigate the characteristics and pathological features of the central nervous system (CNS) infected by rubella virus (RV) strain JR23, BALB / c mice were infected intraperitoneally with RV JR23 strain and the brain and cerebellum of mice were taken on the 21st day after infection. HE and immunohistochemical staining to observe the status of RV infection and pathological changes in brain tissue of mice. The results showed that the infected mice had no obvious symptoms of CNS. Pathological features were mainly degeneration and necrosis of small focal neurons in the brain, and proliferation of oligodendrocytes around the diseased neurons formed a satellite phenomenon. In the neuronal necrosis visible microglial proliferation, the formation of neuropharyngeal phenomenon and by the microglia and oligodendrocytes gliacyte nodules. There was no virus inclusion in neurons and glial cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that RV was mainly distributed in the gray matter of the brain, and neuronal cells, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes were all infected with JR23 strain. Tip satellite phenomenon, neuropharmacological phenomenon and glial cell nodule formation can be used as a pathological reference for RV-JR23 infection CNS. Immunohistochemical staining is specific for the diagnosis of CNSRV infection