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以来自云南地方稻(Oryzasativa L.)种资源核心种质中的113份材料为研究对象,运用36对微卫星引物,研究了(indica )粳(japonica )两个亚种间和云南5个稻作生态区间的遗传多样性分布趋势,并筛选了籼粳亚种、水陆生态型和不同态区的特异指纹标记。结果表明,粳稻的遗传多样性大于籼稻,遗传分化水平较低;而5个生态区中滇西南水陆稻区遗传多性最大,遗传分化水平较低;滇东北高原粳稻区的遗传多样性最小。这种遗传多样性的分布趋势与前人在形态和同工酶水平对云南稻种资源多样性的考察,以及云南地方稻种资源核心种质在形态和同工酶水平上的遗传多样性分布趋势基本一致。外,在所出现的416个指纹标记中,分别发现籼粳特异指纹标记6个,水陆特异指纹标记15个,不同生态区特异指纹标记个。初步认为,云南地方稻种资源核心种质代表了云南省地方稻种资源的遗传多样性;从DNA水平上看,云南地方稻种资源遗传多样性中心在云南省的西南部,粳稻的分化水平低于籼稻。微卫星标记是种质资源遗传多样性检测、分类和生态型确认及核心种质研究中有用的工具。
A total of 113 rice materials from Yunnan Oryza sativa L. accessions were selected as research objects. Using 36 pairs of microsatellite primers, the effects of indica Japonica between two subspecies and five rice As the distribution trend of genetic diversity in the ecological range, and screened specific fingerprinting indica-japonica subspecies, amphibian and ampulla of different state regions. The results showed that the genetic diversity of japonica rice was greater than that of indica rice, and the genetic differentiation level was lower. The genetic diversity of japonica rice in the five ecological regions was the highest, while the genetic diversity was the lowest in the paddy region of northeastern Yunnan. The distribution trend of this genetic diversity was compared with the previous studies on the diversity of rice germplasm resources in Yunnan at the level of morphology and isozymes and the distribution of genetic diversity at the morphological and isozymic levels of Yunnan rice germplasm resources The trend is basically the same. Among the 416 fingerprints, 6 fingerprinting indica and japonica fingerprints, 15 fingerprinting fingerprints and 15 fingerprints of water-land-specific fingerprinting were found, respectively. It is preliminarily believed that the core germplasm resources of Yunnan local rice germplasm represent the genetic diversity of local rice germplasm resources in Yunnan Province. From the DNA level, the genetic diversity centers of Yunnan local rice germplasm resources are in the southwestern Yunnan Province, the differentiation level of japonica rice Lower than indica. Microsatellite markers are useful tools for genetic diversity testing, taxonomy and ecotype confirmation and core collection research.