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目的 探讨意外伤害对湖北省谷城县 1～ 14岁儿童造成的寿命损失。方法 利用该县1990年 1月至 1992年 6月期间 1～ 14岁儿童意外死亡原因的调查资料 ,分析各类意外伤害的潜在寿命损失年数 (YPL L )、YPL L标化率和 SMR。结果 意外伤害 SMR为 5 4.0 2 / 10万 ,其 YPL L标化率为 31.72‰ ,在全死因标化率的排位中居第 1位。意外伤害中 ,溺死 (19.5 5‰ )、车祸 (4.0 1‰ )和意外中毒 (1.5 1‰ )居 YPL L标化率前 3位 ,三者减寿年数之和占总 YPL L的 81.7%。平均每例意外伤害死亡所致潜在寿命损失约达 6 0年。男性儿童意外伤害 YPL L标化率高于女性儿童 (u =12 .42 ,P <0 .0 1) ,而 SMR无差别。男、女儿童中 ,溺死和车祸均居 YPL L标化率前 2位 ,但男性儿童溺死与车祸 YPL L标化率高于女性儿童。结论 YPL L和 YPL L标化率比 SMR能更合理地反映意外伤害对儿童造成的寿命损失
Objective To investigate the loss of life caused by accidental injury to children aged 1 ~ 14 years in Gucheng County, Hubei Province. Methods Based on the data of accidental death among children aged 1-14 years from January 1990 to June 1992 in the county, the potential years of life lost (YPL L), YPL L standardization rate and SMR were analyzed. Results The SMR of accidental injury was 5 4.0 2/100 000, the standardization rate of YPL L was 31.72 ‰, ranking first in the rank of all-cause standardization rate. Among the accidental injuries, drowning (19.5 5 ‰), car accident (4.0 1 ‰) and accidental poisoning (1.5 1 ‰) ranked the first 3 places of YPL L standardization rate, accounting for 81.7% of the total YPL L. The average life expectancy loss due to each accidental injury is about 60 years. The YPL L standardization rate of male children with accidental injuries was higher than that of female children (u = 12.42, P <0.01), while there was no difference in SMR. In both male and female children, drowning and car accidents all ranked in the top two of YPL L standardization rate, but the standardization rate of YPL L in male children drowned and car accident was higher than that in female children. Conclusion The standardization ratios of YPL L and YPL L can reflect more reasonably the loss of life expectancy caused by accidental injury to children than that of SMR