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目的 了解百日咳流行病学特点,为防制对策提供依据。方法 利用描述性流行病学方法对1991～2000年百日咳发病、免疫和监测等资料进行分析。结果 最近10年百日咳年平均发病率0.30/10万,比实施计划免疫初期的1978 ～1987下降96％,发病有季节性高峰和流行周期,5岁以下病例约占3/4。百白破接种率90％以上,人群百日咳抗体阳性率95％,抗体保护率21％。结论 通过接种百白破可以降低发病率和死亡率。应进一步提高百白破常规免疫接种率和接种及时率,坚持监测,及时发现传染源防止疫情蔓延。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis and provide evidence for prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence, immunization and surveillance of pertussis from 1991 to 2000. Results The average annual incidence of pertussis in the recent 10 years was 0.30 / 100,000, down 96% from 1978 to 1987 in the early stage of immunization. Seasonal onset and prevalence of pertussis were observed, accounting for about 3/4 of those under 5 years of age. Baitian broken coverage rate of 90% or more, the crowd pertussis antibody positive rate of 95%, antibody protection rate of 21%. Conclusions The incidence of morbidity and mortality can be reduced by daptosis. Baide-baidu routine immunization rate should be further enhanced and timely vaccination, adhere to the monitoring, timely detection of sources of infection to prevent the spread of the epidemic.