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目的探讨椎基底动脉延长扩张症(vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia,VBD)引起的脑卒中的临床及影像学特点。方法对5例椎基底动脉延长扩张症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果椎基底动脉延长扩张症为一种少见的血管异常性疾病,无特异临床表现,所引起的脑卒中以后循环脑梗死多见。影像学检查示,脑干梗死2例,基底动脉尖综合征1例,小脑出血1例,顶枕部出血1例。CT、MRI及CTA、MRA检查示5例均见椎基底动脉的延长扩张,其中2例形成骑跨。脑血管及颈动脉超声示2例椎基底动脉血流速度降低。结论椎基底动脉延长扩张症引起的脑卒中无临床特异性,影像学检查可以明确诊断,临床医师应加强对此病的认识。
Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of stroke caused by vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD). Methods The clinical data of 5 patients with vertebrobasilar extended dilatation were analyzed retrospectively. Results Vertebrobasilar extended dilatation was a rare vascular abnormality, with no specific clinical manifestations. Circulatory infarction caused by cerebral infarction was more common. Imaging examination revealed 2 cases of brainstem infarction, 1 case of basilar artery syndrome, 1 case of cerebellar hemorrhage and 1 case of top occipital hemorrhage. CT, MRI and CTA, MRA showed 5 cases of vertebrobasilar artery were seen to extend the expansion, of which 2 formed riding. Cerebral blood vessels and carotid artery ultrasound showed 2 cases of vertebrobasilar artery blood flow velocity decreased. Conclusions Stroke caused by vertebrobasilar extended dilatation is not clinically specific. Imaging diagnosis can be clearly diagnosed. Clinicians should strengthen their understanding of the disease.