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这些年来,国家对贫困地区不论是政策、还是人力、物力等方面,都给了极大的优惠和倾斜,在一定程度上使贫困地区经济发展得到了一定的保证。比如生态环境的恶化有所改进,部分基础设施有所加强,相当部分群众收入得到增加,生活条件有所改善。但是,这种发展同沿海发达地区相比,是十分缓慢的,并且差距呈拉大的势头。究其原因,我认为最根本的原因则是涉及到人和资金要素的配套改革滞后于整个经济体制改革的后果。一方面直接抵消了国家各项改革的效力,削弱了国家投入的直接效果;另一方面,抑制了各生产要素的合理配置,形成各种资源闲置、浪费、流失,阻碍了经济的发展。一、资金使用效益低下及其影响从资金方面看:①资金使用的管理措施不力,导致资金使用效益低下,甚至流失。一方面,在资金使用过程中,大都只注重视前期的工作,而对后期工作,比如项目建设期(包括个人的种养殖计划)、投产后产品质量、最新的市场动态、以及实际操作中的生产
Over the past few years, the state has given great concessions and preferences to impoverished areas in terms of policies, manpower and material resources. To a certain extent, the economic development in impoverished areas has been guaranteed to some extent. For example, the deterioration of the ecological environment has been improved, some of the infrastructure has been strengthened, a considerable part of the population has increased its income, and living conditions have improved. However, this kind of development is very slow compared with the developed coastal areas, and the gap is widening. The reason, I think the most fundamental reason is related to the supporting reform of the elements of human and capital lags behind the consequences of the entire economic reform. On the one hand, it has directly offset the effectiveness of various national reforms and weakened the direct effect of state investment. On the other hand, it has inhibited the rational allocation of various factors of production and led to the idleness, waste and loss of various resources and hindered economic development. First, the low efficiency of the use of funds and its impact From the financial point of view: ① ineffective management of the use of funds, resulting in low efficiency of the use of funds, or even loss. On the one hand, in the process of using funds, most of them only focus on pre-work, while on post-work, such as the project construction period (including individual breeding programs), product quality after commissioning, the latest market trends, produce