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倒装是修辞方式之一——或为强调语义,或为句式生动。相对于主谓完全颠倒的倒装句,有一类倒装句系添加助动词式倒装。这类倒装属语法要求,尽管它仍有修辞功能。
先看第一组句子:
Only then was he able to do it.
Only at present can we write some passages in English.
Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they succeed in solving the problem.
由上可知,only强调状语在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
再看第二组句子:
Little do we doubt that this district is rich in mineral resources.
Never did I think of meeting you here.
Not until then did he recognize me.
Not only was he a scientist,(but)he was also an artist.
No sooner had the plane landed than the people cheered up.
He did not come. Nor/Neither did his classmates.
由上可知,否定意义的状语被强调放在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
还有第三组句子:
So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. (固定句型:Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.)
Our society has changed greatly and so have the people in it. (固定句型:Our society has changed greatly and the people in it have done so.)
Was / Were there no electricity, we would still live a hard life. (固定句型:If there was no electricity,we would still live a hard life.)
再如,Had it not been for their help,we should not have succeeded. (= If it had not been for their help, we should not have succeeded.)
由此可见,固定句型中的某部分需要强调放在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
由上述三组语法性变动的句子可以看出,若不倒装则为语法性错误。而修辞性倒装则不然,它为文章的结构或风格所需要。
练习
(1)The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other.
A. they had quarreledB. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
(2)—Then will our project start!(修辞性倒装)
—__________!
A. May you succeedB. Might you succeed
C. You may succeedD. You might succeed
(3)__________ that she couldn’t speak a word!
A. Moved so was she B. So moved she was
C. Was so moved she D. So moved was she
编辑/梁宇清
先看第一组句子:
Only then was he able to do it.
Only at present can we write some passages in English.
Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they succeed in solving the problem.
由上可知,only强调状语在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
再看第二组句子:
Little do we doubt that this district is rich in mineral resources.
Never did I think of meeting you here.
Not until then did he recognize me.
Not only was he a scientist,(but)he was also an artist.
No sooner had the plane landed than the people cheered up.
He did not come. Nor/Neither did his classmates.
由上可知,否定意义的状语被强调放在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
还有第三组句子:
So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. (固定句型:Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.)
Our society has changed greatly and so have the people in it. (固定句型:Our society has changed greatly and the people in it have done so.)
Was / Were there no electricity, we would still live a hard life. (固定句型:If there was no electricity,we would still live a hard life.)
再如,Had it not been for their help,we should not have succeeded. (= If it had not been for their help, we should not have succeeded.)
由此可见,固定句型中的某部分需要强调放在句首时,该句须语法性倒装。
由上述三组语法性变动的句子可以看出,若不倒装则为语法性错误。而修辞性倒装则不然,它为文章的结构或风格所需要。
练习
(1)The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other.
A. they had quarreledB. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
(2)—Then will our project start!(修辞性倒装)
—__________!
A. May you succeedB. Might you succeed
C. You may succeedD. You might succeed
(3)__________ that she couldn’t speak a word!
A. Moved so was she B. So moved she was
C. Was so moved she D. So moved was she
编辑/梁宇清