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对于泥石流特性的研究,2005年日本学者中谷洋明等人针对泥石流存在明显不同流动的现象,从流速和弯曲部位两方面入手,通过仿真模型演示泥石流在陡坡面上及弯曲部的流动特性,在此基础上采用解析法对模型的适用性进行评价。其结果表明:流速随时间变化有共同增大的趋势;弯曲部左、右岸水位落差为25 m,有显著偏流的结果。泥石流发生36 s后,对建筑物(堰坝)产生冲击,距洪峰(160 kN/m)到达时间只有1 s。正面龙头部分瞬间的冲击力很大。且在泥石流龙头部分集中大的砾石,其冲击力导致建筑物破损。计算的结果表明,最下游的堰坝及下游侧流出的沙石量与上游流入量对应成比例。并且,有堰坝其流速、偏流的高度,比无堰坝要小得多,流出的泥沙量也有减半的效果。今后,要在模型与粒径、粒度分布等的灵感度进行分析。并要考虑建立综合性的解析模型,以提高计算能力。
For the study of the debris flow characteristics, in 2005, Japanese scholar Nakagawa et al. Pointed out that there are obvious different flows for the debris flow. Starting from the flow rate and the bending position, the flow characteristics of the debris flow on the steep slope and the bend are demonstrated by the simulation model On the basis of analytic approach to assess the applicability of the model. The results show that the velocity of flow increases with time, and the drop of water level at the left and right bank of the bend is 25 m with a significant bias current. After 36 seconds of debris flow, the impact on the building (barrage) was affected and the arrival time was only 1 s from the peak (160 kN / m). The leading part of the immediate impact of a great impact. And in the debris flow tap part of the large gravel, the impact of damage to the building. The calculated results show that the amount of sand outflow from the most downstream barrage and the downstream side is proportional to the upstream inflow. And, the dam has its velocity, bias current height, much less than without a dam, out of the amount of sediment is also halved effect. In the future, we should analyze the model and particle size, particle size distribution and other inspiration. And to consider the establishment of a comprehensive analytical model to improve computing power.