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青少年科技创新大赛、＂明天小小科学家＂奖励活动是中国最具影响力的两个青少年科技赛事,英特尔国际科学与工程学大赛、美国科学人才选拔赛是美国的两大知名赛事。本研究从竞赛阶段类型、筛选形式、评审环节和评审标准4个角度,对以上竞赛的筛选机制进行了深入比较,并在此基础上提出如下建议：（1）简化竞赛的评审环节,提高综合素质考察环节的有效性;（2）细化评审标准,扩展评审维度,科学设定各维度权重;（3）扩大省赛评委的选择范围,实现各省评委的共享;（4）加强省赛评委的培训。“,”CASTIC and APFS are two youth science and technology competitions of great importance in China. ISEF and STS ale. two important competitions in America. This paper makes a Sino-US comparative study of the screening mechanism. On the basis of the study, some suggestions have been put forward. （1） To simplify the assessment part of our competitions and improve the effectiveness of the overall quality assessment. （2） To refine evaluation criteria, extend assessment dimensions and set the dimensions＇ weights with the scientific method. （3） To expand the provincial assessor scope of CASTIC and share provincial assessors as soon as possible. （4） To strengthen the provincial assessor training to ensure the orderly and efficient conducting of assessment.