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目的了解淮河流域农村居民感染性腹泻的流行情况及其相关的危险因素。方法于2008—2009年通过自制问卷对10 907名淮河流域农村居民感染性腹泻的相关情况进行现况调查。结果淮河流域农村居民感染性腹泻年发病率为0.765次/人年,单因素分析结果表明饭前不经常洗手、食用霉变果蔬和主食、饮用井水等非自来水、使用储水缸是感染性腹泻的危险因素(P<0.05),多因素分析结果显示食用霉变主食、饮用井水等非自来水、使用储水缸是感染性腹泻的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论淮河流域农村居民感染性腹泻发病率高,卫生习惯和饮水因素在腹泻的发病过程中起到重要作用,应在农村进行集中式改水改厕的同时加强健康教育、宣传家庭用水卫生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of infectious diarrhea among rural residents in Huaihe River Basin and its related risk factors. Methods The self-made questionnaires were used to survey the prevalence of infectious diarrhea among 10 907 rural residents in Huaihe River Basin during 2008-2009. Results The annual incidence rate of infective diarrhea among rural residents in Huaihe River Basin was 0.765 times per person. The results of univariate analysis showed that infants who did not wash their hands frequently before meals, consumed moldy fruits and vegetables, staple foods and drinking well water, (P <0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that eating water tank was the risk factor for infectious diarrhea (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of infectious diarrhea among rural residents in Huaihe River Basin is high. Health habits and drinking water factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of diarrhea. Health-care education should be strengthened while centralized water-saving and toilet-changing in rural areas to promote domestic water hygiene.