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目的为进一步寻找穿龙薯蓣Dioseorea nipponica抗血栓活性成分,对其甾体皂苷类化学成分进行了系统的分离。方法采用正相、反相等色谱分离手段进行分离纯化,通过物理化学方法,根据MS、NMR谱数据,对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果共分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为薯蓣皂苷元(1)、薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖基(1→4)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、薯蓣皂苷(5)、纤细皂苷(6)、伪原薯蓣皂苷(7)、26-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-3β,26-二醇-25(R)-Δ5,20(22)-二烯-呋甾-3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖基(1→2)]-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、26-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-3β,26-二醇-25(R)-Δ5,20(22)-二烯-呋甾-3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖基(1→4)]-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)。结论化合物3、4及7～9为首次从该植物中分离得到。大鼠静脉旁路血栓形成试验表明,化合物2和5显示出一定的抗血栓活性。
OBJECTIVE To further search for the antithrombotic active ingredients of Dioseorea nipponica, the chemical constituents of steroidal saponins were systematically isolated. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by normal phase and reverse phase chromatographic separation methods. The structures of the obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical methods and MS and NMR spectral data. Results Nine compounds were isolated and identified as diosgenin (1), diosgenin -3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), diosgenin-3-O- [α-L- (1 → 2)] - β-D-glucoside (3), diosgenin -3-O- [α-L-rhamnosyl (4), diosgenin (5), slender saponin (6), pseudo-diosgenin (7), 26-O-β-D-glucosyl-3β, 26-diol- (22) -dien-furost-3-O- [α-L-rhamnosyl (1 → 2)] -O-β-D-glucoside (8) Glucosyl-3β, 26-diol-25 (R) -Δ5,20 (22) -dien-furostan-3-O- [ β-D-glucoside (9). Conclusion Compounds 3, 4 and 7-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Rat venous bypass thrombosis test showed that compounds 2 and 5 showed some antithrombotic activity.