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儿童青少年2型糖尿病的发病率呈迅速增长趋势,引起公共卫生领域的广泛关注。为了做好儿童青少年2型糖尿病的防控而探索其病因及危险因素。对与其相关的肥胖中的抵抗素、脂联素、瘦素等脂肪细胞因子,以及单基因、多基因遗传、家族史、母亲为妊娠糖尿病、低体重出生儿、青春期体内生长激素生理变化等方面研究现况进行阐述。该病具有明显的家族遗传倾向性,儿童青少年肥胖有高危险性,青少年发病的成人型糖尿病为常染色体显性基因遗传疾病,组织蛋白酶L基因、CAPN10基因、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活的受体γ基因等都与其相关,生长激素水平升高增加胰岛素抵抗,母亲妊娠期糖尿病及低体重出生儿都是发病的诱因。
The incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is rapidly increasing, causing widespread concern in the field of public health. In order to do prevention and control of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, we explore its etiology and risk factors. Adiponectin, leptin and other adipocytokines related to obesity, as well as single gene, polygenic inheritance, family history, mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, low birth weight infants, physiological changes of growth hormone in adolescence Research status to elaborate. The disease has obvious family genetic predisposition, high risk of obesity in children and adolescents, juvenile onset adult diabetes is autosomal dominant genetic disease, cathepsin L gene, CAPN10 gene, peroxisome proliferator-activated Receptor gamma genes are associated with it, increased levels of growth hormone increased insulin resistance, mothers gestational diabetes and low birth weight infants are the incentives.