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目的探讨江苏省恶性肿瘤高发地区与食管癌发病有关的流行因素。方法选择江苏省恶性肿瘤高发的大丰市进行以人群为基础的食管癌1∶1配对病例鄄对照研究,共调查了病例、对照各145例。采用单因素及多因素条件Logistic回归方法进行分析。结果居住地附近污染(OR=1.463,95%可信区间0.859～2.493),进食速度快(OR=1.661,95%可信区间0.868～3.181),喜食虾油蟹酱(OR=2.602,95%可信区间0.936～7.230)以及有肿瘤家族史(OR=2.036,95%可信区间1.059～3.914)为大丰市食管癌发病的主要危险因素,而10年前人均收入较高(OR=0.537,95%可信区间0.381～0.758)、常饮茶(OR=0.180,95%可信区间0.071～0.456)和性格开朗(OR=0.728,95%可信区间0.432～1.226)则为其保护因素。结论 应当通过逐步改善社区居民生活居住环境,教育居民改变不良的生活饮食习惯以及注意心理精神卫生来降低食管癌高发区的发病危险性。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of esophageal cancer in Jiangsu Province with high incidence of malignant tumors. Methods Dafeng City with high incidence of malignant tumors in Jiangsu Province was selected as the population-based case-control study of 1: 1 esophageal cancer. A total of 145 cases were investigated. Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze. (OR = 1.463, 95% confidence interval 0.859 ~ 2.493), fasting rate (OR = 1.661, 95% confidence interval 0.868-3.181) % Confidence interval 0.936-7.230), and family history of cancer (OR = 2.036, 95% confidence interval 1.059-3.914) were the major risk factors for esophageal cancer in Dafeng City. However, the per capita income ten years ago was higher (OR = 0.537, 95% confidence interval 0.381-0.758), regular drinking tea (OR = 0.180,95% confidence interval 0.071-0.456) and cheerful personality (OR = 0.728,95% confidence interval 0.432-1.266) factor. Conclusions The risk of esophageal cancer should be reduced by gradually improving the living environment of residents, educating residents to change their poor eating habits, and paying attention to mental and mental health.