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采用人工控制条件下的防雨棚土柱栽培试验,以不同抗旱类型花生品种为材料,设置充分灌水和中度干旱胁迫处理,对苗期、花针期、结荚期、饱果期和成熟期(播种后30d、50d、75d、103d和132d)5个生育时期地上部不同器官和根系物质积累的影响进行了研究。结果表明,随生育期的进行,除花育22号在全生育期干旱胁迫条件下呈渐升趋势至成熟期最大外,花育23号和花育25号2品种根系干物质积累量均呈“抛物线型”变化趋势。干旱胁迫使花育23号根系干物质积累量峰值出现在结荚期,而花育25号峰值滞后到饱果期。3品种根重和荚果干物质积累量大小顺序均表现为:花育25号>花育22号>花育23号;通过Logistic方程能很好地拟合各品种地上部各器官、根系及植株生长发育情况。干旱胁迫使花育22号和花育23号两品种最大生长速率(Vm)明显降低,花育25号明显升高,但3品种地上部植株物质积累最大速率出现的时间(Tm)均明显滞后;地上部叶片和茎Vm降低,Tm延长;干旱胁迫使花生光合作用降低,光合产物积累缓慢,植株生长发育迟滞。3品种表现出对干旱胁迫适应性的差异,花育23号品种对水分较为敏感,抗旱性较差,花育25号具有较强的抗旱性。
Under the conditions of artificial control, the rain-shed soil column cultivation experiment was conducted. The peanut varieties with different drought-resistance types were used as materials to set up full irrigation and moderate drought stress treatment. The seedling stage, flower needle stage, podding stage, full fruit stage and mature (30d, 50d, 75d, 103d and 132d after sowing) on the accumulation of different organs and root systems in the shoots during the five growth stages. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of Huayu 22 and Huayu 25 was significantly higher than that of Huaiyu 22 under the drought stress during the whole growth period “Parabolic ” trend. Under drought stress, the peak of dry matter accumulation in Huayu 23 root appeared in the podding stage, while the peak of Huayu 25 lagged to the full fruit stage. The order of root weight and pod dry matter accumulation of Huayu 25, Huayu 22 and Huayu 23 showed that the Logistic equation could well fit the above-ground organs, roots and plants Growth and development. Under drought stress, the maximum growth rate (Vm) of Huayu 22 and Huayu 23 were significantly decreased, and Huayu 25 increased significantly, but the maximum Tm of all aboveground plant matter accumulation lags significantly ; Vm of leaves and stems decreased and Tm prolonged in shoots; photosynthesis of peanut decreased and photosynthetic products accumulated slowly under drought stress, and plant growth retardation. 3 varieties showed differences in adaptability to drought stress. Huayu 23 was more sensitive to water and had less drought resistance, and Huayu 25 had stronger drought resistance.