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外来词,也称借词,是“直接从外语引进的词,或者通过翻译一个概念或模仿一个概念,取自另一种语言的词。”(1)语言中的词汇是一个动态的开放性系统,不断吸收外来新词是语言丰富和发展的重要途径。每一种语言都不是封闭的,许多民族的语言都是相互借用词汇来丰富本族语言的,汉维语言也是如此。汉维语言在各自历史长河中由于民族间贸易往来,文化交流,移民杂居,战争征服等因素影响都存在着外来词。对比分析汉维外来词的差异,将有助于汉维语言研究的开展。这篇文章试从三个方面来对汉维外来词进行对比。
Loanwords, also known as borrowed words, are words that are imported directly from a foreign language, or words that are taken from another language by translating a concept or imitating a concept. "(1) Vocabulary in the language is a dynamic open Sexual system, continue to absorb new foreign words is an important way to enrich the language and development. Every language is not closed, many national languages borrow each other’s vocabulary to enrich their own language, Han language as well. Chinese and Uyghur languages have borrowed words in the long history of their respective countries due to the influence of such factors as trade among nations, cultural exchanges, immigrant mixed-nation, and war conquest. A comparative analysis of the differences between Chinese and Uighur loanwords will be helpful for the development of Han-Wei language research. This article tries to compare Han-Wei loanwords from three aspects.