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松树枯萎病的发生和流行给东亚的日本、中国和韩国带来了不小的损失,引起许多国家的重视.本文应用实地观测和气象数据分析等方法,研究了东亚地区松树枯萎病的发生和流行特点,以及与灾害气象事件之间的关系.结果表明:在日本、中国和韩国,持续的夏季干旱少雨和强台风等极端气象事件能够诱发松树枯萎.在极端干热的环境中,松树常出现能量代谢失调,以至于受胁迫的松树整株枯萎;而在低温多雨的年份,松树枯萎少,甚至没有发生枯死现象.在松材线虫及其媒介昆虫侵染之前,松树的活力业已下降.松树枯萎病似乎应该局限在台风频发和持续干热的地区.在自然环境优越、少有台风和干热事件出现且没有不当扩大松树栽培范围的地区,松树枯萎病大面积发生的可能性不大.
The occurrence and prevalence of pine wilt caused considerable losses to East Asia, Japan, China and South Korea, which aroused the attention of many countries.This paper studied the occurrence of pine wilt disease in East Asia by using the methods of field observation and meteorological data analysis, Epidemic characteristics and the relationship with disaster meteorological events.The results show that in Japan, China and South Korea, continuous summer droughts and strong typhoons and other extreme weather events can induce pine wilt.In extreme dry and hot environment, pine often The energy metabolism disorder appeared so that the stressed pine trees wilt, whereas in the cold and rainy years the pine trees withered less or even withered, and before the pine wood nematode and its vector insects infested, the vitality of the pine trees had declined. Pine blight seems to be confined to areas with frequent typhoons and prolonged dry-heat. In areas where the natural environment is superior, there are few typhoons and dry-heat incidents and there is no unduly widening of pine cultivation, the possibility of large areas of pine blight is not Big.