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超细纤维的制备最初是通过熔喷及闪纺等工艺制成无序的纤维。20世纪70年代杜邦公司采用长丝型复合纺丝技术,制得0.1 dtex(纤维直径约3μm)的麂皮型纤维材料。通过聚合物混合法制得的纤维直径可达微米级。最新的静电纺丝法制得的纤维直径分布虽大,但可达到数十纳米至数微米,而且试验装置也较简单。最新开发的熔融型静电纺
The preparation of ultrafine fibers was originally made by disruptive fibers such as meltblowing and flash spinning. In the 1970s DuPont used a filament-type composite spinning technology to produce a suede-type fibrous material of 0.1 dtex (fiber diameter about 3 μm). The fiber diameter obtained by the polymer mixing method can reach the micrometer level. The latest electrostatic spinning method to obtain the fiber diameter distribution is large, but can reach tens of nanometers to several microns, and the test device is relatively simple. The latest development of the melt-type electrostatic spinning