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目的：旨在为、趾短伸肌去神经游离移植修复腭裂、腭咽闭合不全、面瘫等提供形态学基础。方法：①对２２只足标本的、趾短伸肌的形态变异及神经支配进行解剖观察；②在１０９例手术中以神经刺激仪确认、趾短伸肌的神经，并测肌的长度，体积及重量。结果：①、趾短伸肌与长腱合并机会分别为５５．７％、６２．８％；趾短伸肌发出腱至第５趾的占７６．９％；②肌的神经支配三种类型比率分别是２４．４％、３２．８％、４２．７％；③肌的长度在８．３～１３．１ｃｍ，体积１．８～３．１ｃｍ３，重量１．９～３．２ｇ。结论：、趾短伸肌肌腱有与长腱合并的变异，趾短伸肌腱常有发出第五趾者；神经支配有三型；肌的长度、重量、体积适合肌肉游离移植的成活，是腭裂、腭咽闭合不全、尿道上裂及面瘫等外科治疗可靠的组织移植材料。
OBJECTIVE: To provide morphological basis for the repair of cleft palate, velopharyngeal insufficiency, facial paralysis and so on. Methods: ①The morphological changes and innervation of the brachii and extensor digitorum longus in 22 foot specimens were observed anatomically. ②Neurostimulation was used to identify the nerve of the extensor digitorum longusus and extensor digitorum longus in 109 cases and the length of muscle was measured , Size and weight. Results: ①, longan and long extensor tendon merger chance of 55.7%, 62.8%; toe extensor to the fifth toe of 76.9%; ② muscle innervation of three The ratio of type was 24.4%, 32.8% and 42.7%, respectively. ③ The length of muscle was 8.3 ~ 13.1cm, the volume was 1.8 ~ 3.1cm3, and the weight was 1.9 ~ 3.2g. CONCLUSIONS: The extensor digitorum longus tendon is associated with a long tendon. Mutation often occurs in the extensor toe extensor tendon. There are three types of innervation of the tendon in the extensor digitorum longus. The length, weight and volume of the muscle are suitable for the survival of the free muscle grafts. , Velopharyngeal insufficiency, urethral fissure and facial paralysis and other surgical treatment of reliable tissue graft material.