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先学前教育指三岁以下儿童的教育。苏联的先学前教育很有特色,强调尽可能早地对儿童实施教育,他们的《幼儿园教育纲要》详尽地规定了先学前教育的目标、任务。在颁布《纲要》的同时,出版了两本小册子:《纲要指导》和《教师的注解》。前者详细地提出了保育内容;后者提供了具体贯彻《纲要》的要求和指导,以使保教人员不折不扣地落实纲要精神。一、出生到一岁: 《纲要指导》(以后简称《指导》)在详细指出了儿童从出生到第十二个月的身体特点的基础上,提出了一日生活安排的建议,供教师参考,如,喂奶的次数和间隔时间,让乳儿清醒的时间以
Pre-primary education refers to the education of children under three years of age. The pre-primary education in the Soviet Union is very characteristic. It emphasizes that children should be educated as early as possible. Their “Kindergarten Education Plan” provides a detailed outline of the objectives and tasks of pre-primary education. At the same time that the “Outline” was promulgated, two pamphlets were published: “Outline Guidance” and “Teacher’s Notes.” The former proposed in detail the content of childcare; the latter provided the specific requirements and guidance for carrying out the “Outline” in an all-out manner, so that the instructors can fully implement the spirit of the outline. First, born to one year old: “Outline Guide” (hereinafter referred to as “guidance”) on the basis of the physical characteristics of children from birth to the twelfth month in detail, proposed a day of life arrangements for teachers reference For example, the number of breastfeeding and interval time, let the baby wake up time