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中国在经济和社会转型条件下 ,保持并强化国家能力十分必要。为了保持国家能力 ,改革开放以来 ,中国政府加强了对金融业的控制 ,促使其行使财政职能。这体现为 :在动员资源过程中 ,金融业替代税收功能 ;在资源配置过程中 ,金融业替代财政功能。由此 ,导致了金融资源被异化为中央和地方政府的财政资金 ,金融业异化为“第二财政”。这种替代既有逻辑上的必然性———渐进改革的必然要求 ,也有其现实上的不合理性———财政功能和金融功能错位。中央政府和地方政府主导下的金融分割 ,造成了这一错位 ,只有进行金融制度建设 ,促进财政到位 ,才能使得金融归位。
Under the conditions of economic and social transformation, it is very necessary for China to maintain and strengthen its national capabilities. In order to maintain its national capabilities, since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has stepped up its control over the financial industry and has urged it to exercise its financial functions. This is reflected in the fact that in the process of mobilizing resources, the financial industry replaces the taxation function; in the process of resource allocation, the financial industry replaces the financial function. As a result, financial resources have been alienated into financial resources of central and local governments, and the financial industry has become alienated as “the second finance.” This kind of substitution has both the logical necessity and the inevitable requirement of gradual reform. It also has its realistic irrationality - the dislocation between financial function and financial function. The financial division under the leadership of the central government and local governments has caused this mismatch. Only by carrying out the construction of the financial system and promoting the financial administration in place can the finance be brought home.