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利用1980-2010年东北三省分县玉米播种面积与产量统计、耕地分布、农业灌溉分布以及作物适宜性分布等多源数据,结合基于交叉信息熵原理的作物空间分配模型(Spatial Production Allocation Model,SPAM),在5’×5’的像元尺度模拟了春玉米种植面积与产量的时空分布,并重点分析了两者在纬向、经向,以及高程上的时空变化规律。结果显示:(1)玉米种植面积在2000年前向北扩展至北纬44°~48°间,2000年后在中南部出现大规模发展(北纬42°~44°),并进一步向东扩展至东经123°~127°间,同时还表现为向低海拔(高程100 m以下)和较高海拔(高程200~350 m)扩展的态势;(2)单产在纬向上的增加区主要集中在北纬42°~48°,经向上的单产增加则相对均匀,高程上单产提升区主要集中在海拔350 m以下。(3)像元内玉米种植比例整体上由中低种植比例为主逐步演变为中高比例占据主体,并且中高种植比例像元对应的玉米单产水平整体上较高,反映了市场经济驱动下的玉米种植集聚化和规模化的发展趋势。
Based on the multi-source data of sown area and yield of maize from three provinces in Northeast China from 1980 to 2010, cropland distribution, agricultural irrigation distribution and crop suitability distribution, combined with Spatial Production Allocation Model (SPAM) ). The spatio-temporal distribution of planting area and yield of spring maize was simulated on a 5 × 5 × pixel scale. The spatio-temporal variation of the two in latitudinal, meridional and elevation directions was analyzed emphatically. The results showed that: (1) Corn acreage expanded northward to 44 ° ~48 ° north latitude by 2000 and large-scale development took place in central south China (latitude 42 ° ~44 °) after 2000 and further to the east East longitude 123 ° ~ 127 °, but also showed the trend of extending to low altitude (elevation 100 m below) and higher altitude (elevation 200 ~ 350 m); (2) The increase in yield in the latitudinal direction mainly concentrated in the north latitude 42 ° ~ 48 °, yield increase is relatively uniform, the elevation of yield improvement area mainly concentrated in the elevation below 350 m. (3) The percentage of maize planting within the pixel unit has been mainly dominated by middle-high proportion of low-middle-cropping proportion, and the yield level of maize corresponding to medium-high cropping proportion pixels is higher overall, which reflects that the market-driven maize Cultivation of the trend of convergence and large-scale development.