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本文介绍了拐轴和斜轧辊套采用电渣整体熔铸新工艺后的质量、性能、寿命、金属利用率及成本等技术经济指标。经比较,已赶上并超过了锻造件水平。三年来的生产使用表明:电渣熔铸是适于机械配件毛坯生产的重要途径。简要地分析了电渣熔铸能以铸代锻的主要原因是由于渣钢提纯精炼和强冷纵向疑固提高了铸态质量,以及在合理的工艺方案下能得到优越的成型质量。用试验结果和热传递原理探讨了影响表面成型的因素和规律。并指出渣池单位容积功率 Pv 值是影响炉温及成型的主要因素。经统计得到 Pv 与铸件半径 r 的经验式为 1/(Pv)=3(r-2).履带式拖拉机用拐轴和铜球轧机用斜轧辊以往都是短缺配件,而且形状复杂,前者中部有曲拐、断面多变,后者外径为Φ470毫米,表面为凸棱高度渐变的双头螺纹带弧形孔型的中空辊套。过去都要经过熔炼、铸锭、先锻轧成园材,再经冲压、模锻或胎模锻加工成毛坯,工序多,工序间周转长、金属损耗大。一般铸造法又满足不了质量要求,故需要寻找配件生产的新途径。此外,对通常的电渣重熔工艺在保证质量前提下为改善效率与成本也需要向新的领域发展。为此,采用了电渣熔铸,直接成型新工艺。
This paper introduces the technical and economic indexes such as quality, performance, life expectancy, metal utilization rate and cost after adopting the whole process of electro-slag casting with camshaft and inclined roller sleeve. By comparison, has caught up with and exceeded the level of forging pieces. Three years of production shows that: Electroslag casting is an important way for the production of mechanical parts rough. Briefly analyzed the main reason that electroslag casting can be forged by forging casting is that the refining quality of the slag steel and the longitudinal cooling of the slag increase the quality of the as-cast and the excellent forming quality under the reasonable technological scheme. With the test results and heat transfer principle, the factors and rules affecting the surface forming were discussed. It is pointed out that the Pv value of volumetric capacity of slag pool is the main factor affecting the furnace temperature and forming. The empirical formula for Pv and cast radius r is 1 / (Pv) = 3 (r-2). Traditionally, caterpillar tractors with camshafts and copper ball rolling mills have been in short supply with complicated shapes. The former middle A crank, cross-sectional changeable, the latter outer diameter of Φ470 mm, the surface of the rib height gradient double-headed screw with a hollow hole Hollow sleeve. In the past have to go through smelting, ingot, first forging rolling into garden material, and then by stamping, forging or tire forging processing into rough, multi-process, long turnaround time, metal loss. The general casting method can not meet the quality requirements, it needs to find new ways to produce accessories. In addition, the common electroslag remelting process in the premise of ensuring quality to improve efficiency and cost also need to develop new areas. To this end, the use of ESR casting, direct molding new technology.