论文部分内容阅读
计算机从真空管、晶体管到集成电路,经历了三代更新。现在已进入第四代的大规模集成电路LSI(Large ScaleIntegratlon)计算机。由于LSI以每年功能增加一倍,而价格降低一半的速度发展,因此出现了下述情形: 1.微处理机以及微处理机与其它设备结合组成的智能终端发展很快。微处理机终将代替小型计算机,而小型计算机被迫向高级方向发展。 2.LSI存贮器完全代替了磁心存贮器,现在广泛采用16K、64K MOS片作存贮器。 3.磁记录存贮器技术进一步发展,其中主要是磁盘,它的每位价格每年以35％的速度下降。大量使用价格便宜的软盘作智能设备的外存贮器。计算机应用远远超出早期的预想,最初只用于科学和工程上的数值计算,现在已遍及各行各业,从空间探索到基本粒子研究;从国防尖端、工农业生产到日常生活领域。近年来,计算机技术又与通信系统密切结
Computer from vacuum tubes, transistors to integrated circuits, has gone through three generations of updates. Now entering the fourth generation of large scale integrated circuit LSI (Large ScaleIntegratlon) computer. As LSI doubled its function each year while the price was halved, the following scenario occurred: 1. Microprocessors and microprocessors in combination with other devices developed rapidly. Microprocessors will eventually replace minicomputers, while minicomputers will be forced to advance to the advanced level. 2.LSI memory completely replaced the core memory, now widely used 16K, 64K MOS chip for memory. 3. Further development of magnetic recording memory technology, which is mainly a disk, its price per person every year at 35% rate of decline. Extensive use of inexpensive floppy disks as external memory for smart devices. Computer applications go far beyond earlier predictions and were initially used only for scientific and engineering numerical calculations. They are now available in all walks of life, from space exploration to basic particle research; from the defense industry to industrial and agricultural production to daily life. In recent years, computer technology is closely linked with the communication system