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本文在分析土壤各单项肥力要素空间变异基础上,结合Fuzzy综合评价法和GIS技术研究了湘南紫色丘陵耕作区土壤肥力质量空间变异,为该区合理规划、开发土壤资源,科学培肥提供依据。研究结果表明:选取的8种肥力指标具有一定空间相关性,有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效磷值的空间异质比(块金值与基台值的比值)分别为100.0%、100.0%、87.9%和99.9%,属于空间弱相关,而pH、碱解氮、全磷、全钾的空间异质比分别为33.8%、63.3%、66.1%、73.7%,属中等空间相关;各单项肥力要素空间分布随土地利用变化呈不同的规律性变化。研究区土壤肥力质量偏低,为Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ等,分别占整个区域面积的46.2%、19.6%和34.2%;不同土地利用类型表现为:水田土壤肥力质量较优,主要为Ⅱ等;丘陵下部梯田和地势较低的坡耕地土壤肥力质量为Ⅲ等;地势较高的地块和荒地均为Ⅳ等。
Based on the analysis of the spatial variability of individual fertility elements in soil, the spatial variability of soil fertility quality in purple hilly farming areas in southern Hunan was studied based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and GIS techniques to provide evidence for rational planning and development of soil resources and scientific fertilization in this area. The results showed that the selected eight fertility indexes had certain spatial correlation, and the ratio of spatial heterogeneity of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available phosphorus was 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively , 87.9% and 99.9%, respectively, belonging to the spatial weak correlation, while the spatial heterogeneity of pH, alkaline nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were 33.8%, 63.3%, 66.1% and 73.7% The spatial distribution of fertility factors showed different regularity changes with land use change. The quality of soil fertility in the study area is low, which is Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, accounting for 46.2%, 19.6% and 34.2% of the total area respectively. The land use types of different paddy fields are as follows: The soil fertility quality of the terraces in the lower hills and the sloping farmlands with lower terrain is Ⅲ and so on. The high-lying plots and barren land are Ⅳ and so on.