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职工的需要分三个层次:全体职工的共同需要,企业中不同群体的需要和职工的个性需要。同时,职工面临来自自身、企业、社会和制度等方面的风险,当这些风险超过职工所能承受的风险容量时,职工将处于不利境地,必须对其提供救济或服务。1990年代以来,各级工会组织构建起救助、维权、服务三位一体的帮扶模式,但维权服务的制度设计凌乱,与国家社会保障体系没有完全对接;服务对象范围亟须拓展,服务内容需要增加,服务递送能力有待提升。为提高工会维权服务的可及性和有效性,国家应强化制度建设,建立与国家社会保障制度衔接互补的工会保障体系,加大资金投入,加强能力建设,为中低收入职工家庭和其他有需要的职工家庭提供高效的资金帮扶、技能培训和专业服务。
The needs of workers are divided into three levels: the common needs of all workers, the needs of different groups in the enterprise and the individual needs of staff and workers. At the same time, employees face risks from themselves, enterprises, society and institutions. When these risks exceed the risk capacity that employees can bear, employees will be disadvantaged and must provide relief or service to them. Since the 1990s, trade union organizations at all levels have built a trinity model of assistance, rights protection and service. However, the system design of rights protection service is messy and there is no complete match with the national social security system. The scope of service needs to be expanded, the service content needs to be increased, Service delivery capabilities to be improved. In order to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of trade union rights protection services, the state should strengthen the system construction, establish a trade union protection system that is complementary to the national social security system, increase capital investment and strengthen capacity building for low- and middle-income workers’ families and other Employee families need to provide efficient financial assistance, skills training and professional services.