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目的调查扬州市肺结核患者家庭密切接触者结核病防治知识、信念和行为现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用两阶段整群随机抽样方法,选取460例扬州市活动性肺结核患者的家庭密切接触者746人,对其结核病防治知识、信念和行为情况进行问卷调查并作描述性分析,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析家庭密切接触者知信行的影响因素。结果 746名调查对象结核病防治知识知晓率为58.30%,正向态度持有率为50.19%,结核病防治行为持有率为59.25%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,调查对象为涂阴患者密切接触者知晓结核病防治知识(OR=1.375,95%CI:1.014~1.866)、持有正向信念(OR=1.915,95%CI:1.368~2.680)和持有结核病防治行为的合格率(OR=2.112,95%CI:1.536~2.904)均高于涂阳患者;文化程度为初中(OR=1.830,95%CI:1.190~2.813)和高中及以上者(OR=2.075,95%CI:1.313~3.278)的知晓结核病防治知识的合格率,以及文化程度为小学(OR=2.146,95%CI:1.331~3.460)、初中(OR=2.067,95%CI:1.328~3.216)和高中及以上者(OR=2.109,95%CI:1.276~3.488)持有结核病防治行为的合格率均高于文盲或半文盲者;居住在农村的调查对象持有正向态度的合格率(OR=1.506,95%CI:1.015~2.234)高于居住在城市者,持有结核病防治行为的合格率(OR=0.555,95%CI:0.361~0.853)低于居住在城市者。结论扬州市肺结核患者家庭密切接触者的结核病防治知信行状况有待提高,应重点关注低学历和涂阳患者家庭密切接触者的结核病健康教育工作。
Objective To investigate the knowledge, belief and behavior of tuberculosis prevention and control in close family contacts of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yangzhou and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Two-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 746 close-family contacts of 460 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Yangzhou City. Questionnaire investigation and prevention of tuberculosis knowledge, beliefs and behaviors were conducted and analyzed by multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis of Influencing Factors of Family Confidence and Trust in Family. Results The awareness rate of TB prevention and control among 746 respondents was 58.30%, positive attitude was 50.19%, and TB prevention and control activity was 59.25%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents were knowledgeable about tuberculosis prevention and control (OR = 1.375, 95% CI: 1.014 ~ 1.866), and had positive beliefs (OR = 1.915, 95% CI: 1.368 (OR = 2.112, 95% CI: 1.536-2.904) were higher than those in smear-positive patients. The education level was junior high school (OR = 1.830, 95% CI: 1.190-2.813) and (OR = 2.146, 95% CI: 1.331 ~ 3.460), and junior high school (OR = 2.067, 95% CI: 1.313 ~ 3.278) , 95% CI: 1.328 ~ 3.216) and those with high school education and above (OR = 2.109,95% CI: 1.276 ~ 3.488) were higher than those who were illiterate or illiterate. The survey respondents living in rural areas The passing rate (OR = 1.506, 95% CI: 1.015 ~ 2.234) with positive attitude was higher than that of those living in urban areas (OR = 0.555,95% CI: 0.361-0.853) Living in the city. Conclusion The TB knowledge of TB patients in close contact with family members of TB patients in Yangzhou need to be improved. The health education of tuberculosis should be focused on the family members with low education and smear positive contacts.