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随着社会文化建设与经济建设的飞跃发展,人们从各级方志中寻找文化资源为社会发展服务,“读志”、“用志”渐成当下社会的热潮,但重修方志与使用旧志都需要科学理性的审慎态度。本文以清代方志尤其是四川地方志关于清初“虎患成灾”的记录为主要对象,使用了现代科学方法和生物学理论,分析了背后的诸种原因,认为各种地方志有关清初本地“虎患成灾”的记录、清初文人对明清换代战争后中国大地“遍地皆虎”的描述,有着肆意夸大甚至想象编造的性质。从而揭示出使用旧志需要注意的诸多问题,提出了切忌盲从前人和轻信旧志的现代读志、用志新理念。
With the rapid development of social and cultural construction and economic construction, people are looking for cultural resources for their social development at all levels of local chorography. Gradually becoming a member of the current social craze, The use of old records requires cautious scientific rationality. Based on the records of Qing dynasties, especially Sichuan local chronicles about the early Qing Dynasty and the tigers suffering from catastrophe, this article uses the modern scientific methods and biological theories and analyzes the reasons behind them. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, “the tigers suffer from disasters” record, the literati in the early Qing Dynasty, after the war of replacement of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the “all over the tiger” description, with the indiscriminate or even imaginary nature. Which reveals the many problems that need to pay attention to when using the old records and puts forward the modern reading and the new concept of using the old records which should not blindly follow the old records of the predecessors and credulity.