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长期以来,国际水法所关注的焦点一直是如何在国际水道的上游国家和下游国家之间分配供水的原则问题,而对于淡水资源和水道环境的保护却一直没有受到重视。近年来,人们越来越意识到环境保护与可持续发展的重要性,对于淡水资源和水道环境保护的重视程度日益加深。本文在分析水道国家对国际水道的权利义务如何分配的基础上,根据他们各自的权利和义务提出对国际水道进行环境保护,加强国际合作,建立共同管理机制,有效监管和防治水道污染的建议。
The focus of international water law has long been on the issue of how to allocate water between upstream and downstream countries on international watercourses, while the protection of freshwater resources and the watercourse environment has been neglected. In recent years, people are becoming more aware of the importance of environmental protection and sustainable development, and their emphasis on the protection of fresh water resources and watercourse environment is deepening. Based on the analysis of the distribution of rights and obligations of watercourse countries to international watercourses, this paper puts forward suggestions on environmental protection of international watercourses, strengthening international cooperation, establishing a common management mechanism, and effectively supervising and preventing watercourse pollution according to their respective rights and obligations.