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视神经网膜炎的临床表现具有特征性,临床上与其它视神经病截然不同。视盘呈浅灰白色水肿,视盘和黄斑周围形成稀疏的硬性渗出物。荧光血管造影显示视盘内深部毛细血管渗透性异常,视网膜血管结构则正常。结果形成富含脂质的渗出物漏入邻近的视网膜下间隙以及外丛状层平面。每例患者特别提到一眼雾视或视力减退作为初始症状。初检查时急性患眼的视敏度自20/25,20/80,20/100至仅有光感不等。视野检查一致显示中央视野受侵,如中心性暗点、盲点中心性暗点和弧形束状缺损。视力恢复的预后一般极佳。视敏度的恢复比视盘肿胀消退更快,黄斑的致密渗出液最后才吸收。在大多数病例中,本病原因仍然不明。视神经头的炎性肿胀和继发毛细血管渗漏似与全身性感染疾病有关。
The clinical manifestations of optic neuritis are characteristic and clinically distinct from other optic neuropathies. Disc was pale gray edema, optic disc and macular sparse formation of rigid exudate. Fluorescent angiography showed deep capillary permeability in the optic disc abnormalities, retinal vascular structure is normal. As a result, the lipid-rich exudate forms into the adjacent subretinal space and the outer plexiform layer plane. Each patient specifically mentioned a fog or vision loss as an initial symptom. The initial visual acuity of the affected eyes from the early 20/20, 20/80, 20/100 to only light sensitivities. Uniform visual field tests showed central visual field involvement, such as central dark spots, blind spot central dark spots and curved bundle defects. The prognosis of visual acuity is generally excellent. The recovery of visual acuity faded faster than the swelling of the optic disc, and the macular densified effusion finally absorbed. In most cases, the cause of the disease remains unknown. Inflammatory swelling of the optic nerve head and secondary capillary leakage may be related to systemic infections.