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用X射线衍射法,对钢管和重轨进行了微观应力分析,通过试样的晶面(211和(110)衍射线型宽化度的分析,估算了微观应力值的大小。对比了各种不同工艺条件下微观应力的变化规律。数据表明:无缝管水压爆裂区试样的微观应力比未爆区高出近一倍左右,在较低温度下轧制的要比正常温度下轧制的微观应力高出很多,例如经过定径机组的管,轧制温度较低管的微观应力是轧制温度正常管的七倍左右,变形度不均匀的是变形度均匀的二倍左右。可见无缝管的轧制温度和变形度与微观应力大小直接的关系。 还测定了不同次数矫直后重轨的微观应力、并进行了数理统计分析,给出了在置信度为95％时的置信区间。数据表明:重轨经二次以上娇直后,置信区间大大加宽,数据的分散度也增加。有的测试点微观应力变得很大,有的则变得很小。文章认为:区域变大是由于晶格的畸变加剧所致,而区域变小是因塑性变形而造成应力释放的原因。同时对比了常规力学性能数据,他们与微观应力的变化规律基本一致。
The micro-stress analysis of steel pipe and heavy rail was carried out by X-ray diffraction method, and the size of micro-stress was estimated by analyzing the linearity of the diffraction lines of 211 and (110) The results show that the microscopic stress of the specimen in hydraulic fractured zone is about twice as high as that in unexploded area, and the rolling stress is lower than the normal temperature at lower temperature System of micro-stress much higher, for example, after the sizing unit of the tube, the rolling temperature is lower than the micro-tube temperature is normal tube rolling about seven times the degree of deformation is not uniform deformation is about twice the average. We can see the rolling temperature and deformation of seamless pipe and the direct relationship between the size of the micro-stress.We also measured the micro-stress of the heavy rail after straightening for different times, and carried out the mathematical statistics analysis, given that when the confidence is 95% The confidence interval of the data shows that the confidence interval of the heavy rail is broadened and the dispersion of the data is also increased after it is more than twice quadrupled.The microscopic stress of some test points has become very large and some have become very small. Think: The larger area is due to the lattice distortion Caused increased, while the area becomes smaller because the cause plastic deformation of the strain relief, while the mechanical properties of conventional data comparison, and the microscopic variation of the stress they are basically the same.