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0引言近年来,国外大量矿产资源不断海运进入我国,其中镍矿运量急剧增加。镍矿为易流态化固体散装货物,船舶运输的风险较高,已发生多起散货船载运镍矿事故,造成船毁人亡的重大损失。易流态化固体散装货物应由特别建造或安装有特别装备的船舶载运,而目前运输镍矿的船舶仅为一般的散货船,因此保障普通散货船安全运输镍矿值得深入研究。1镍矿运输管理规定在《国际海运固体散装货物规则》(IMSBC规
0 Introduction In recent years, a large number of foreign mineral resources continue to enter the country by sea, of which the volume of nickel ore has dramatically increased. Nickel ore is a fluidized solid bulk cargo, with a high risk of shipping. There have been a number of accidents involving the carrying of nickel ore by bulk carriers, resulting in a significant loss of life. Easy fluidized solid bulk cargoes should be carried by ships specially constructed or equipped with special equipment. At present, the vessels that transport nickel ore are only general bulk carriers. Therefore, it is deserved to study the safe transportation of nickel ore by ordinary bulk carriers. 1 Nickel transport regulations are set forth in the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargo Code (IMSBC Code)