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(一)本文介绍了马占相思的主要特征、地理分布、气候、地形及土壤、植被类型及根系等生态特性。 (二)马占相思从1966年由澳大利亚引种到马来西亚的沙巴,10年生每公顷材积达439立方米。目前整个热带亚洲、太平洋岛屿、西非、中美洲均对它感兴趣,积极开展引种试验。 (三)我国自1979年开始引种,2年生马占相思可高达3.6米,主干通直与稍弯曲的占96％,而对照种台湾相思71％的主干严重弯曲或无明显主干。5年生马占相思平均胸径13.4—16.5厘米,平均高8.9—9.7米,单株带皮材积为0.06996立方米。 (四)马占相思在4—5年生时已开花结实,一般9月初开花、第二年6月荚果成熟,荚果出籽率5％。种子千粒重12.5克。 (五)马占相思种子必须用开水浸种,容器育苗;因幼苗主根深,不宜采用裸根苗造林。苗高20—30厘米时定植。 (六)宜选择土壤深厚、湿润、肥力中上等的土地种植马占相思。最好全垦,穴内以有机肥及磷肥作底肥。对水肥及低温反应敏感。 (七)马占相思和大叶相思一样,有白粉病,幼树发现有叶斑病。幼苗易受蟋蟀危害,可拌毒饵防治。幼树还有金龟子食叶,应及时捕杀。马占相思不耐持续阴雨低温(5℃左右,持续20天),5年生树木均冻死。其抗风力较弱,这与它的根系以水平伸展的侧根为主有关。 (八)马占相思在我国才引种5年,初步看来它是我国热带、南亚热带南部极有希望引种成功的树种。其适应性、对环境条件要求等尚需继续观察。
(A) This article describes the main characteristics of Acacia mangium, geographical distribution, climate, topography and soil, vegetation types and root and other ecological characteristics. (B) Acacia mangium, introduced from Australia to Sabah, Malaysia in 1966, has a volume of 439 cubic meters per hectare for 10 years. At present, Tropical Asia, the Pacific Islands, West Africa and Central America are all interested in it. The introduction test is actively carried out. (C) China introduced since 1979, 2-year-old Acacia as high as 3.6 meters, trunk straight and slightly curved 96%, while the control species of Acacia 71% of the trunk serious bend or no obvious trunk. 5-year-old Acacia average diameter of 13.4-16.5 cm, average 8.9-9.7 meters high, single skin with a volume of 0.06996 cubic meters. (D) Acacia mangium has flowering in 4 - 5 years old, usually flowering in early September, the following year maturity in June pod, seed pod rate of 5%. Seed grain weight 12.5 grams. (E) Acacia seed must be soaked in boiling water, container nursery; rootstock seedling root deep, unfavorable use of bare root seedlings afforestation. When the height of 20-30 cm seedlings colonization. (F) should choose the soil is deep, moist, fertility in the finest land planted Acacia. The best all Ken, hole organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer. Sensitive to water and low temperature reactions. (G) Acacia mangium and Acacia, like powdery mildew, sapling found in young trees. Seedlings susceptible to crickets, poison bait can be controlled. Young trees and chafer leaves, should be promptly killed. Acacia impotence continued rainy low temperature (about 5 ℃ for 20 days), 5-year-old trees are frozen to death. Its wind resistance is weak, which is related to the horizontal roots of its lateral roots. (8) Acacia mangium was introduced in our country for 5 years, initially it appears to be a species that is very promising for introduction in the tropics and southern subtropics of South China. Its adaptability, the requirements of environmental conditions still need to continue to observe.