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海洋声层析法作为检测海洋内部变化一有力手段，正面临着海洋声学大尺度观测新挑战。本文就海洋声传播的绝热近似；声传播时间的非线性偏移；声速剖面的线性及非线性反演等与声学大尺度观测相关的一些水声学问题的发展现状及存在问题等进行了综述性论述。文中还介绍了赫德岛预演实验等利用声层析法观测海洋内部变化的一些具体应用例
Ocean Acoustic Chromatography (MEA), as a powerful tool to detect internal changes in the ocean, is facing new challenges in large scale oceanographic acoustic observations. In this paper, the adiabatic approximations of oceanic sound propagation, nonlinear excursions of acoustic propagation time, linear and nonlinear inversion of sound velocity profiles, and the development status and existing problems of some water acoustics problems associated with acoustic large-scale observations are reviewed Discussion. The article also introduces some specific application cases such as the rehearsal experiment of the Heard Island using acoustic tomography to observe the internal changes of the ocean