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利用三维激光雷达森林回波波形模型模拟了地形对波形的影响,并用ICEsat GLAS的数据对模拟结果进行了验证。结果表明坡度对大光斑激光雷达波形影响较大,随着坡度的增大,地面回波和树冠回波都展宽,波形长度也随之增加,同时地面的波峰和植被的波峰值都降低,来自地面的回波明显减少,并逐渐与靠近地面的回波发生信息混叠。鉴于二者的关系呈近似线性正相关,在实际的森林参数反演中可望通过减去一个含有坡度或地形起伏度的因子进行地形效应纠正。
The effect of the terrain on the waveform was simulated by using the forest echo waveform model of 3D lidar and the simulation results were verified by the data of ICEsat GLAS. The results show that the gradient has a great influence on the large spot laser radar waveform. With the increase of slope, both the ground echo and canopy echoes broaden, and the length of the waveform increases. At the same time, the crests of the ground and the vegetation peak decrease, The echoes on the ground are significantly reduced and gradually aliased to the echoes near the ground. In view of the approximately linear and positive correlation between the two, it is expected that the topographic correction will be performed by subtracting a factor that contains the slope or topographic relief in the actual forest parameter inversion.