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【目的】通过对3~7岁在园儿童视力发育和屈光状况的检查,比较两种视力筛查方法对发现儿童视力异常的特点。【方法】抽取吴江市6所幼儿园3~7岁在园儿童1 909例,采用标准对数视力表进行视力检查和伟伦视力筛查仪进行屈光筛查。【结果】不同年龄组之间视力不良检出率差异有显著性,5岁组儿童的视力不良检出率最高;不同年龄组之间屈光异常检出率差异无显著性。其中视力检查和屈光筛查均为异常的占9.22%,仅有视力不良或屈光筛查异常的分别占2.20%和2.78%。【结论】学龄前儿童应同时开展视力检查和屈光筛查,这不仅提高准确率、减少假阳性率,而且减轻家长和医院的负担。
【Objective】 Through examining the visual acuity and refractive status of 3 ~ 7 years old children in the park, we compared the visual acuity screening methods to find the abnormal visual acuity in children. 【Methods】 A total of 1 909 children aged 3 to 7 years old from 6 kindergartens in Wujiang City were enrolled in this study. Visual acuity tests were performed on a logarithmic visual acuity chart and the Weylan vision screening instrument was used for refractive screening. 【Results】 There was a significant difference in the detection rate of vision loss among different age groups. The detection rate of visual acuity was the highest in 5-year-old group. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of refractive error among different age groups. Visual acuity and refraction screening were abnormal, accounting for 9.22%, only poor eyesight or refraction abnormalities accounted for 2.20% and 2.78% respectively. [Conclusion] Preschoolers should carry out both visual acuity and refractive screening, which not only improve the accuracy, reduce the false positive rate, but also reduce the burden on parents and hospitals.