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[目的]了解安徽省大别山区自1996年6月实行全民食盐加碘10年来碘缺乏病的流行状况,客观评价干预措施(碘盐为主,重点人群服碘油丸为辅)落实及防治效果,为修订防治策略提供科学依据。[方法]收集安徽省大别山区两县(金寨县、舒城县)10年来的现场调查数据与碘缺乏病防治统计资料。利用碘盐合格率、儿童甲状腺肿大率、儿童尿碘中位数、儿童智商测定、人口生命素质指数对比情况等指标对安徽省大别山区10年监测结果和防治效果进行综合评价。[结果]碘盐覆盖率由1996年的85.0%上升至2005年的99.0%;8~10岁学龄儿童尿碘中位数由1996的127.6μg/L上升至2005年的290.7μg/L;甲肿率由37.0%下降至4.0%,儿童弱智比例由18.0%下降至4.0%;人口生命素质指数由79.8上升至88.3。[结论]安徽省大别山区碘缺乏病防治工作通过采取以食盐加碘为主导的综合性防治措施正逐步取得显著效果,其意义不仅仅是相关疾病的发病率降低,更为重要的是对儿童智力发育的保护,使得当地人口素质得到显著提高。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in the Dabie Mountains of Anhui Province since the implementation of universal salt iodization for 10 years in June 1996, and objectively evaluate the implementation of the intervention measures (iodized salt, supplemented by the key population supplemented with iodized oil pills) and the prevention and treatment effect , To provide a scientific basis for the revision of prevention and treatment strategies. [Method] The field survey data and the prevention and treatment statistics data of iodine deficiency disorders in two counties (Jinzhai County and Shucheng County) in Anhui Province in the past 10 years were collected. The monitoring results and prevention and control results of 10 years in Dabie Mountain area of Anhui Province were comprehensively evaluated by the qualified rate of iodized salt, the rate of goiter in children, the median of urinary iodine in children, the IQ of children and the contrast of population life quality index. [Results] The coverage of iodized salt increased from 85.0% in 1996 to 99.0% in 2005; the median urinary iodine of school-aged children aged 8-10 increased from 127.6μg / L in 1996 to 290.7μg / L in 2005; The rate of edema decreased from 37.0% to 4.0%, while the rate of children’s mentally retarded population decreased from 18.0% to 4.0%. The population life quality index rose from 79.8 to 88.3. [Conclusion] The prevention and control of Iodine Deficiency Disorder in Dabie Mountain area of Anhui Province is gradually getting significant effect by adopting the comprehensive prevention and control measures dominated by salt iodization. Its significance is not only the decrease of the incidence of related diseases, but more importantly, The protection of intellectual development, making the quality of the local population has been significantly improved.