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通过田间裂区试验,研究了不同灌水量(900、1200和1500 m3/hm2)和施氮量(0、150、210和270 kg/hm2)对夏玉米生长状况、产量构成及水、氮利用效率等的影响。结果表明:当灌水量超过最低量900 m3/hm2、施氮量超过150 kg/hm2时,二者对玉米产量、产量构成因素(穗粒数、百粒重及穗粒重)和收获指数(HI)以及各生育期干物质积累量等均没有明显影响;氮肥农学效率和氮肥偏生产力随氮肥用量的增加呈明显降低趋势;灌水生产效率和水分利用效率随灌水量的增加也显著降低,二者均表现为900 m3/hm2>1200 m3/hm2>1500 m3/hm2。因此,在本试验条件下,以W900N150处理的水、氮利用效率、产量及其构成因素等较高,并且对环境造成潜在危害最小,为当地地域气候条件下夏玉米生产中节水减氮的较为适宜的水氮配比。
Field split zone experiments were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation levels (900, 1200 and 1500 m3 / hm2) and nitrogen rates (0, 150, 210 and 270 kg / hm2) on the growth, yield components and water and nitrogen utilization of summer maize Efficiency and other effects. The results showed that when the amount of irrigation exceeded the minimum of 900 m3 / hm2 and the rate of nitrogen application exceeded 150 kg / hm2, the yield and yield components of the maize (yield per spike, kernel weight per spike, grain weight per spike) and harvest index HI) and dry matter accumulation in each growth period had no significant effect; agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and partial biocatalytic activity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate; irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency also decreased significantly with the increase of irrigation amount; All showed 900 m3 / hm2> 1200 m3 / hm2> 1500 m3 / hm2. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, W900N150 treatment of water, nitrogen use efficiency, yield and its components and so on, and the potential harm to the environment the smallest, for the local climate and summer maize production water and nitrogen More appropriate water and nitrogen ratio.