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为了解河南省柿种质资源类型、分布状况,分析其表型多样性程度。对河南省各地柿种质资源进行调查收集,并测定了146份种质资源果实、叶片和种子的43个表型性状,分析其表型多样性,初步进行了种质资源分类与鉴定。河南省柿种质资源均为完全涩柿(PCA),24个描述性表型性状变异类型多,17个性状的所有类型均有分布,仅缺乏7个性状中的10个类型;19个数量性状变异程度高且变异幅度大,其变异系数范围为11.06%~50.88%,极值相差均在2倍以上;各器官变异程度大小顺序为果实>种子>叶片;不同地区间各表型变异程度不同。R型聚类将43个表型性状划分为5大类,各性状基本按照器官类型分别聚为一类;Q型聚类将146份资源划分为5个类群,根据表型特征,可初步鉴定部分同物异名或同名异物品种。河南省各地柿资源存在丰富的多样性,其表型变异类型多,变异程度高且变异幅度大,做好本地区柿资源收集、保存、鉴定和评价等工作,对柿新品种选育和杂交育种等工作具有重要意义。
To understand the types and distribution of persimmon germplasm resources in Henan Province, the degree of phenotypic diversity was analyzed. A total of 43 phenotypic traits of 146 germplasm resources of fruits, leaves and seeds were determined and collected. The phenotypic diversity was analyzed, and germplasm resources were classified and identified. The persimmon germplasm resources in Henan Province were all aspergillus persimmon (PCA), 24 descriptive phenotypic traits were variant types, all 17 types of traits were distributed, only 10 of 7 traits were lacking; 19 The range of variation coefficient was 11.06% ~ 50.88%, the difference between the extreme values was more than 2 times. The order of variation degree of each organ was fruit> seed> leaf. The variation degree of each phenotype among different regions different. R-type clustering divided 43 phenotypic traits into 5 major categories, and each trait basically clustered into one category according to organ types; Q-type clustering divided 146 resources into 5 groups, which could be initially identified according to the phenotypic characteristics Partially synonymous or the same name foreign species. There are many kinds of persimmon resources in Henan Province, which have many types of phenotypic variation, high degree of variation and large variation range, and do a good job of collection, preservation, identification and evaluation of persimmon resources in this area, Breeding and other work is of great significance.