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通过土壤淹水培养试验和土壤淹水培养不同时间后同时开始的水稻生物盆栽试验,研究不同畜禽粪便有机肥中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb在水稻土中生物有效性动态变化以及与等量重金属无机盐的差异,明确不同畜禽粪便有机肥中不同重金属生物有效性差异及动态变化规律.结果表明,水稻土施入畜禽粪便有机肥后30~60 d内,畜禽粪便有机肥处理土壤溶液中重金属含量显著低于等量重金属无机盐处理,重金属无机盐处理土壤溶液中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb的含量分别是鸡粪处理的2.4倍、3.1倍、3.9倍和327.3倍,分别是猪粪处理的2.0倍、2.2倍、15.6倍和4.0倍.60d后畜禽粪便有机肥处理和对应等量重金属无机盐处理土壤溶液中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb的含量变的无差异.不同施用时间的畜禽粪粪便有机肥处理水稻体内Cu、Zn、Pb含量均显著低于对应的等量重金属无机盐处理,施用畜禽粪肥处理降低了土壤中Cu的生物有效性.畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属的生物有效性随施用后不同时间的变化呈现先升高后降低再升高规律,在施用后2个月时畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属的生物有效性最低,只相当于对应的等量重金属无机盐的13.0%~30.0%.
The bio-availability of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in organic manure from different livestock and poultry manure in paddy soils was studied through the experiments of soil submergence culture and simultaneous soil biological submerged cultivation at different times in paddy soils. The difference of heavy metals and inorganic salts and the difference of bioavailability and dynamic change of different heavy metals in organic manure of different livestock and poultry manure were clarified.The results showed that organic manure The content of heavy metals in soil solution was significantly lower than that of the same amount of heavy metal inorganic salts, and the content of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in soil solution of heavy metal inorganic salt treatment were 2.4 times, 3.1 times, 3.9 times and 327.3 times, respectively Which was 2.0 times, 2.2 times, 15.6 times and 4.0 times than that of pig manure.After 60 days, the content of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in livestock manure organic manure and corresponding equivalent heavy metal inorganic salt treatment soil solution had no difference. The contents of Cu, Zn and Pb in the treated manure and manure organic manures with different application time were significantly lower than those of the corresponding heavy metal inorganic salts, and the application of manure and livestock manure reduced the bioavailability of Cu The bioavailability of heavy metals in organic manure of livestock and poultry excrement increased firstly, then decreased and then increased with the changes of different time after application, and the bioavailability of heavy metals in organic manure of livestock and poultry excreta was 2 months after application The lowest, equivalent to only the equivalent of heavy metal salts of 13.0% to 30.0%.