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目的了解天河口岸2010～2012年出入境人群流感流行特征,为科学防控疫情及进一步开展疫情预测预警提供依据。方法对2010～2012年天河口岸有流感样症状的出入境人员采鼻咽拭子,提取病毒RNA,采用荧光RT-PCR方法检测季节性甲型流感、乙型流感病毒核酸;同时进行流行病学个案调查。结果共采集鼻咽拭子1074份,其中流感病毒核酸阳性219份,总阳性率20.4%,各年度阳性率无差异。季节性H3型流感阳性96例,占43.8%,甲型H1N1流感阳性54例,占24.7%,乙型流感阳性69例,占31.5%,各年度流行优势株不同。总体男性样本阳性率18.8%(118/627),女性样本阳性率22.6%(101/447),阳性率无性别差异;0～5岁年龄组阳性率最低,为9.9%,与其他年龄组有显著差异;大陆居民样本阳性率21.9%(152/693),港澳台样本阳性率15.4%(27/175),其他国家样本阳性率19.4%(40/206),阳性率无差异。总体冬(12～2月)、春(3～5月)季阳性率最高,分别为27.6%和25.1%。结论 2010～2012年,天河口岸流感流行强度处于正常水平,各年度阳性率无差异;流行毒株为甲型H1N1流感、季节性H3型流感及B型流感病毒,各年度的流行优势株不同;流感季节性高峰在冬春季,峰值出现在1～3月和5～7月,呈双峰型或单峰型。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in entry and exit population of Tianhe Port from 2010 to 2012 and provide evidence for scientific prevention and control of epidemic situation and further forecast and forecast of epidemic situation. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from entry-exit personnel who had influenza-like symptoms at Tianhe Port from 2010 to 2012, and the viral RNA was extracted. Fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect the seasonal influenza A and B nucleic acids. At the same time, epidemiology Case investigation. Results A total of 1074 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, of which 219 were positive for influenza virus nucleic acid, the total positive rate was 20.4%. There was no difference in the positive rates of each year. Seasonal H3 influenza positive in 96 cases, accounting for 43.8%, 54 cases of influenza A (H1N1) positive, accounting for 24.7%, influenza B positive in 69 cases, accounting for 31.5%, the dominant strains of different annual. The overall positive rate of male samples was 18.8% (118/627), the positive rate of female samples was 22.6% (101/447), the positive rate was no gender difference; the lowest positive rate was 9.9% in 0 ~ 5 years old group, The positive rate of mainland residents was 21.9% (152/693), that of Hong Kong, Maucao and Taiwan was 15.4% (27/175), and that of other countries was 19.4% (40/206). There was no difference in the positive rate. The positive rates of winter (December to February) and spring (March to May) were the highest, which were 27.6% and 25.1% respectively. Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, the prevalence of influenza in Tianhe Port was at a normal level, with no difference in the positive rates of each year. The epidemic strains were Influenza A H1N1, Seasonal H3 and Influenzavirus B, with different prevalent strains in each year. The seasonal peak of influenza in winter and spring, the peak appeared in January to March and May to July, was bimodal or unimodal.