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土地财政随着分税制的改革悄然兴起并在最近几年被各地方政府争相仿效,大有越演越烈之势。实行分税制改革后,中央政府重新掌握了财政收入分配的主动权,财政收入分配的天平不再像以前那样向地方政府倾斜。在这种背景下,地方政府迫切需要寻求新的资金来源以满足日益膨胀的财政开支。“卖地”有着低投入、高回报、收益快等诸多特点,因此就自然而然成为了最佳的选择,土地财政的序幕也由此拉开。这种寅吃卯粮追逐短期利益的行为,对于一个国家长远的经济发展肯定是非常不利的,但这种显浅易懂的道理似乎没能够得到足够的重视,全国各地一个又一个的“地王”不断涌现,地价是越来越高,楼价也越来越高。本文基于分税制改革的视角探讨土地财政的产生以及土地财政对于房价的影响,并寄望政府能利用土地财政造福一方百姓。
With the reform of the tax-sharing system, land finance has quietly risen and has been vying with other local governments in recent years to emulate the situation. After the implementation of the tax-sharing reform, the central government has regained the initiative in the distribution of fiscal revenue. The balance of fiscal revenue distribution no longer leans to local governments as before. Against this backdrop, there is an urgent need for local governments to seek new sources of funding to meet the ever-widening fiscal spending. “Land sales ” has many characteristics such as low input, high return, quick returns and so on, so naturally it becomes the best choice and the prelude to land finance is also started. This act of seeking food and clothing chasing short-term interests will certainly be very unfavorable to the long-term economic development of a country. However, such obvious and straightforward reasons seem to have failed to receive sufficient attention. One after another, Constantly emerging, land prices are higher and higher, property prices are getting higher and higher. Based on the perspective of tax-sharing reform, this paper explores the emergence of land finance and the impact of land finance on housing prices, and hopes the government can use the land finance to benefit one of the common people.