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目的:了解马鞍山市城市与农村居民艾滋病防治知识水平及需求,为针对城市和农村居民开展艾滋病防治宣传教育工作提供依据。方法:采取随机整群抽样的原则分别在市区及农村抽取15~49岁的居民各400人进行面对面问卷调查。结果:农村居民较城市居民对艾滋病防治知识的认知水平低,他们对艾滋病的非传播途径均存在认识误区,城市居民有45.4%的人和农村有56.9%认为蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病。对其它艾滋病相关知识认知不高。农村居民获取艾滋病防治知识的途径较为单一,而城市居民获取知识的渠道较多。结论:城市居民和农村居民对艾滋病防治知识的认知水平有待提高。应针对城市和农村居民的文化背景、需求状况,充分利用大众媒体的宣传作用,开发群众喜闻乐见的宣传材料,切实提高人群艾滋病防治知识。
Objectives: To understand the knowledge and needs of AIDS prevention and control among urban and rural residents in Ma’anshan City, and to provide a basis for publicity and education on HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment in urban and rural areas. Methods: Taking random cluster sampling principle, 400 residents aged 15-49 years were drawn from urban and rural areas to conduct face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results: Compared with urban residents, rural residents had a low level of knowledge of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment, and all had misunderstandings about the non-transmission of AIDS. 45.4% of urban residents and 56.9% of rural residents believed that mosquito bites would spread AIDS. Knowledge of other AIDS-related knowledge is not high. The access of rural residents to AIDS prevention knowledge is relatively simple, while urban residents have more access to knowledge. Conclusion: The cognition level of urban residents and rural residents on HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment needs to be improved. In response to the cultural background and needs of urban and rural residents, they should make full use of the propaganda role of the mass media to develop propaganda materials loved by the masses and effectively raise AIDS prevention knowledge among the population.