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社会认知理论认为个人层面的性格特征往往受到以往经验的影响,并在通过在与环境的互动中,影响组织层面的决策与判断。创业者,作为普遍具有高度乐观性格的特殊群体,在领导新企业发展过程中扮演着举足轻重的角色。综合国内外研究,本文基于社会认知理论,聚焦于创业者乐观与新企业绩效的关系,兼论创业者的创业经验与环境动荡性的调节作用。结果显示,创业者乐观的提高会降低企业绩效,在创业者经验丰富且环境变化迅速的情况下,创业者乐观带来的负面作用更明显。因此,创业者应当克服自身乐观性格带来的负面影响,减少认知偏差。
Social cognitive theory suggests that personality traits at the individual level are often influenced by past experience and influence organizational decision-making and judgment through interaction with the environment. Entrepreneurs, as special groups that are generally highly optimistic, play an important role in leading the development of new businesses. Based on the domestic and foreign researches, this paper focuses on the relationship between entrepreneurial optimism and new business performance based on social cognition theory, as well as the regulatory role of entrepreneurial entrepreneurship and environmental turbulence. The results show that optimistic entrepreneurs will reduce the performance of enterprises in the entrepreneurial experience and the rapid changes in the environment, the negative impact of entrepreneurial optimism more obvious. Therefore, entrepreneurs should overcome their negative impact of optimism and reduce cognitive bias.