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肺泡及肺泡炎 犹如肾小球是肾脏的功能结构单位一样,肺泡是肺脏高度分化的功能结构单位,肺泡同肾小球有许多类似之处,肺泡的中心为含气小腔,衬以特殊的I型和Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞,由极丰富的毛细血管网缠绕于外周。肺泡上皮细胞和毛细血管内皮细胞各有一层相应的基底膜,其间存在少量成纤维细胞和纤维间质成分,构成特殊的气血屏障。现在认为,肺泡除具有呼吸功能外,还具有脂类和激素代谢、防卫和免疫等功能。
Alveoli and alveolitis Just as glomeruli is a functional unit of the kidney, alveoli are highly differentiated functional units of the lungs. Alveoli have many similarities to glomeruli. The center of the alveoli is a gas-filled cavity that is lined with special Type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells, surrounded by a very rich network of capillaries in the periphery. Alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells have a corresponding basement membrane, during which there are a small amount of fibroblasts and interstitial fibrosis, constitute a special blood-barrier. Now that the alveolar addition to respiratory function, but also with lipid and hormone metabolism, defense and immune functions.