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利培酮为临床广泛应用的非典型抗精神病药,其对多巴胺D2受体、5-HT2受体、α1和α2肾上腺素能受体及组胺H1受体有不同程度的拮抗作用。其阻断多巴胺D2受体引致锥体外系反应和高催乳素血症,阻断5-HT2和组胺H1受体引致体重增加和血糖升高。其他常见不良反应有失眠、焦虑、头痛、头晕、注意力下降、便秘、恶心、呕吐、视物模糊、皮疹、直立性低血压、高血压、心动过速及性功能障碍等。
Risperidone is a widely used atypical antipsychotic in clinical practice. Risperidone has antagonistic effects on dopamine D2 receptors, 5-HT2 receptors, α1 and α2 adrenergic receptors and histamine H1 receptors to varying degrees. It blocks dopamine D2 receptor-induced extrapyramidal and hyperprolactinemia, blocking 5-HT2 and histamine H1 receptors leading to weight gain and elevated blood glucose. Other common adverse reactions are insomnia, anxiety, headache, dizziness, decreased attention, constipation, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, rash, orthostatic hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia and sexual dysfunction.