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我国的人口、耕地和工农业生产主要集中在东南半壁。而属于西北、华北、东北的“三北”地区,由于历史原因和自然因素的影响,生态环境遭到严重破坏,大部分地区经济落后。搞好三北地区的开发建设,不仅有利于促进生态环境向良性循环转化,并为21世纪国民经济建设重点的战略转移作好准备,从生态上能够有效地保护东南半壁的工农业生产,对于提高全国的森林覆盖率和提高种植业、畜牧业生产水平,早日实现我国农业现代化,加强国土整治,促进国民经济的发展具有重要意义。 1978年国务院决定建设三北防护林体系。建设方向是合理利用土地、增加林草覆被、发展防护性林业、建设好商品性畜牧业、实现粮食增产,只有这样方能保持水土、防止沙化、改善生态环境、发挥农林牧结合的总体功能,促进经济振兴。经测算,三北地区现有的农田防护林,平均每亩可庇护10亩耕地,增产粮食1200斤,牧草产量比对照区增加21.6％。同时防护林本身还产生巨大的经济效益。
Our population, cultivated land and industrial and agricultural production are mainly concentrated in the southeast half of the wall. Due to historical reasons and natural factors, the ecological environment has been severely damaged, and most of the regions are economically backward due to the “Three Norths” which belong to Northwest, North China and Northeast China. To do a good job in the development and construction of the Three North Areas not only helps to promote the transformation of the ecological environment to a virtuous circle, but also prepares for the strategic shift in the focus of national economic construction in the 21st century. It can ecologically protect industrial and agricultural production in the southeast half of the country. It is of great significance to increase the national forest cover and raise the level of crop and livestock husbandry production, realize the agricultural modernization in our country as soon as possible, strengthen the remediation of the territory and promote the development of the national economy. In 1978 the State Council decided to build the Three North Shelterbelt system. The direction of construction is to make rational use of land, increase the coverage of forest and grass cover, develop protective forestry, build good livestock husbandry and increase grain output, so as to maintain soil and water conservation, prevent desertification, improve the ecological environment, and bring into play the overall functions of combining agriculture, forestry, , Promote economic revitalization. It has been calculated that the existing farmland shelterbelts in the Three Northern Regions can cover an average of 10 mu of cultivated land per mu, yield 1200 kg of grain, and increase pasture production by 21.6% over the control area. At the same time shelter forest itself also has enormous economic benefits.