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自从青霉素在医学上应用以后,大大推进了抗菌素研究工作的开展。特别近十余年来,抗菌素种类迅速增加,在农业、畜牧兽医和食品工业等方面的应用也日益广泛。不少的抗菌素具有内吸杀菌、高效低毒的优点,是防治植物病害的新途径。国外在1940年间已开始研究,近年来逐渐转向应用阶段,少数国家已生产制品,作为商品出售。国内在这方面的研究工作虽开始较迟,但进展甚速,在筛选抗生菌株及利用抗菌素防治植物病害方面都取得一定成绩。本文试以近十余年来国内外在利用抗菌素防治植物病害方面的研究成果作一择要综述,并对今后研究方面作些探讨。
Since penicillin was applied in medicine, the research on antibiotics has been greatly promoted. In particular, the types of antibiotics have rapidly increased over the past decade or so and their applications in agriculture, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine and food industry have also become increasingly widespread. A lot of antibiotics with germicidal, efficient and low toxicity advantages, is a new way to control plant diseases. Foreign countries have begun to study in 1940, in recent years gradually turned to the application stage, a few countries have produced products, sold as commodities. Despite the late start of the research work in this field in China, the progress has been very rapid. Some achievements have been made in the screening of antibiotic strains and in the use of antibiotics to control plant diseases. In this paper, the research results of using antibiotics in plant disease prevention and control both at home and abroad in recent ten years are summed up one by one, and some discussions are made on the future research.