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[目的]为了寻找对核桃细菌性疫病及其他细菌有潜在防治作用的天然植物产物。[方法]用滤纸片扩散法,对15种植物的3种溶剂浸提物的抑菌作用进行了室内平板筛选。[结果]除了广玉兰和香蒲之外,其他13种植物叶片浸提物对供试的5个菌株都表现出一定程度的抑菌作用。其中七叶树叶水浸提物对枯草芽孢杆菌XHE8的抑制作用最强,抑菌圈直径达(31.3±3.9)mm,与对照直径之比达5.0以上。接骨草对5个菌株中的4个都表现出明显的抑制作用,麦冬和吉祥草对其中的3个菌株表现出明显抑制作用,它们与对照直径之比都大于1.5。七叶树叶浸提物对细菌有十分显著的抑制作用,有进一步研究和开发的潜力。[结论]研究结果为进一步筛选有效成分及抑菌机理研究奠定了基础。
[Objective] In order to find out the natural plant products which have the potential control effect on the bacterial disease of walnut and other bacteria. [Method] The antibacterial activities of three kinds of solvent extracts of 15 kinds of plants were screened in indoor by filter paper diffusion method. [Result] With the exception of Magnolia grandiflora and Typha, the extracts of the other 13 species of leaves showed some antibacterial effects on the five strains tested. Among them, the aqueous extract of Aesculus hippocastanum leaves had the strongest inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis XHE8, the diameter of bacteriostasis circle was (31.3 ± 3.9) mm, which was above 5.0 with the control diameter. Cynanchum grass significantly inhibited 4 of the 5 strains. Ophiopogon japonicus and Ji auspicious grass showed obvious inhibition on three of the three strains, and the ratio of them to the control diameter was more than 1.5. Aescin leaf extract on bacteria has a very significant inhibitory effect, there is further research and development potential. [Conclusion] The results laid the foundation for further screening of active ingredients and antibacterial mechanism.