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以沉积层序为时间单位进行岩相古地理研究需要对野外剖面、测井、录井、地震、岩心等海量数据进行定量分析对比,而传统的人工方法往往难以有效地管理并利用这些资料。文中使用空间数据库技术将基础地质数据以自然层为单位,按统一标准定量化处理;并以层序为单位计算、统计、分析,提取厚度、白云岩含量、灰泥含量、陆源碎屑含量等反映沉积环境特征的多种单因素,定量绘制各单因素等值线图。在区域地质背景分析的基础上,将各单因素等值线图叠加分析,并探索定量古地理研究方法——通过单因素复合公式计算值划分古地理单元的边界,最终绘制出古地理图。以鄂尔多斯奥陶系马五组上部一个层序时段(464～466Ma)为例,运用上述方法自动识别出古陆、山丘高地、潮上带、潮间带、潮下带等古地理单元。研究表明,空间数据库技术是实现定量古地理的有效手段。
The study of lithofacies palaeogeography in sedimentary sequence as a unit of time requires the quantitative analysis and comparison of the mass data of field profiles, logging, logging, earthquakes and cores. However, it is often difficult to effectively manage and utilize these data by traditional artificial methods. In this paper, the basic database of geological data using the natural layer as a unit, according to a unified standard quantitative processing; and calculated by the sequence of units, statistics, analysis, extraction thickness, dolomite content, stucco content, terrigenous debris content A variety of single-factor reflect the characteristics of sedimentary environment, the quantitative mapping of the single-factor contour map. On the basis of regional geological background analysis, the single-factor contour maps are superimposedly analyzed, and quantitative paleogeographic research methods are explored - the boundaries of paleogeographic units are divided by the calculation values of single-factor compound formulas, and the paleogeographic maps are finally drawn. Taking an ordinal period (464 ~ 466 Ma) in the upper part of the Ordovician Group Ma Wu Formation as an example, paleogeographic units such as ancient land, hill land, tidal zone, intertidal zone and subtidal zone are automatically identified by the above method. Research shows that spatial database technology is an effective means to achieve quantitative paleogeography.